Smart Accounts (ERC-4337)
Conviction uses smart accounts powered by ERC-4337 account abstraction to provide a seamless, gasless trading experience.
What is a Smart Account?
A smart account is a smart contract that acts as your wallet. Unlike a regular wallet (Externally Owned Account, or EOA), a smart account can:
- Execute transactions without you paying gas — Gas is sponsored by the platform.
- Batch multiple operations into a single transaction.
- Enable advanced security features beyond a simple private key.
How Conviction Uses Smart Accounts
When you sign up on Conviction, a smart account is created for you automatically. This becomes your Trading Wallet, which is where all your trading activity happens.
| Feature | Regular Wallet (EOA) | Smart Account |
|---|---|---|
| Gas Fees | You pay gas | Platform sponsors gas |
| Transaction Signing | One signature per transaction | Batched operations |
| Recovery | Seed phrase only | Flexible recovery options |
| Role on Conviction | Funding Wallet | Trading Wallet |
Your Funding Wallet is your connected EOA (e.g., MetaMask or embedded wallet). Your Trading Wallet is the smart account derived from it.
Technical Details
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Provider | ZeroDev |
| Account Type | Kernel v3.1 |
| Entry Point | v0.7 |
| Validator | ECDSA |
| Chain | ZetaChain (7000) |
| Gas Sponsorship | ZeroDev Paymaster |
EIP-712 Order Signing
Orders on Conviction are signed off-chain using the EIP-712 typed data standard. Here is how the process works:
- You create an order (buy or sell) in the UI.
- Your EOA (connected wallet) signs the order using EIP-712 typed data.
- The signed order is submitted to the backend.
- The order's
makerfield is set to your smart account address, not your EOA. - When the order is matched, the CTF Exchange contract verifies the signature and executes the trade through your smart account.
This design allows gasless order placement — you only sign a message, and the platform handles execution and gas.
Security
- Your smart account is controlled exclusively by your connected wallet (EOA). No one else can authorize transactions from your smart account.
- The platform can sponsor gas for your transactions but cannot move your funds or execute unauthorized trades.
- All trade executions go through the on-chain CTF Exchange contract, which verifies signatures before processing.
- Your smart account address is deterministically derived from your EOA, so it is unique to you.